ami-jjang
Feb 2, 2007, 08:35 AM
Verb – Động Từ
expresses action or state of being
bày tỏ hành động hoạc bản chất hay tình trạng
This is the first time I have come here.
Subject verb agreement - Chủ ngữ phù hợp với động từ
When the subject is in the plural form, the verb should be in its plural form.
Cats eat cat food.
When the subject of a verb is singular, the verb should be in its singular form.
A cat eats cat food.
Rules for forming singular verbs - Quy tắc để đổi thành động từ số ít:
1. To form the singular verb, you usually add only an “s” to the end of the verb.
see - sees
drink - drinks
2. If a verb ends in the letters -sh, -ch, -ss, or -x is formed by adding “es” to the end of the verb.
push – pushes
teach – teaches
kiss – kisses
fix – fixes
3. If the verb ends with a consonant + ~y, change the ~y to ~i and ~es to form singular verb.
cry - cries
study – studies
4. If the verb ends in a vowel + ~y, add ~s to the verb to form singular verb.
pay - pays
buy – buys
5. The verbs have, go and do are irregular verbs. To form the singular verbs, change the verbs have, go and do to these:
have – has
go – goes
do – does
Progressive forms
[Thể tiến hành]
formed by joining the “to be” auxiliary to the base tense of the verb + “ing”
1. present progressive [– tiếng hành hiện tại]
He is doing his homework.
2. past progressive [– tiếng hành quá khứ]
He was doing his homework.
3. future progressive [– tiếng hành tương lai]
He will be doing his homework.
Verb Voice
1. active voice [- dạng chủ động]
The subject of the verb is doing the action.
The boy broke the window.
(“Boy” is the subject of the verb “broke” and is the performer of the verb.)
2. passive voice [- dạng bị động]
Six tenses:
[Sấu thời của động từ]
1. present – [hiện tại]
Jennifer celebrates the new month.
2. present perfect – [hoàn thành hiện tại]
Jenny has celebrated all holidays.
3. past – [quá khứ]
Jenny celebrated the new year.
4. past perfect - [hoàn thành quá khứ]
Jenny celebrated the new year and had celebrated Christmas.
5. future – [tương lai]
Jenny will celebrate St. Patrick's Day.
6. future perfect - [hoàn thành tương lai]
Jenny will have celebrated Valentine's Day before she celebrates St. Patrick's Day.
Adjective – Tính Từ
Describes nouns and pronouns
Helen is reading a funny book.
(The adjective “funny” tells us what kind of book Bob is reading.)
Answers one of three questions: Which one? What kind? How many?
The tall building is 200 feet high.
The laughing boy is Johnny.
David eat three pineapples.
Usually precede the noun it modifies.
He wore a red shirt.
Adjectives can also come after the main “to be” verb.
She is intelligent.
Adjectives do not have plural forms so they never end in “s.”
expresses action or state of being
bày tỏ hành động hoạc bản chất hay tình trạng
This is the first time I have come here.
Subject verb agreement - Chủ ngữ phù hợp với động từ
When the subject is in the plural form, the verb should be in its plural form.
Cats eat cat food.
When the subject of a verb is singular, the verb should be in its singular form.
A cat eats cat food.
Rules for forming singular verbs - Quy tắc để đổi thành động từ số ít:
1. To form the singular verb, you usually add only an “s” to the end of the verb.
see - sees
drink - drinks
2. If a verb ends in the letters -sh, -ch, -ss, or -x is formed by adding “es” to the end of the verb.
push – pushes
teach – teaches
kiss – kisses
fix – fixes
3. If the verb ends with a consonant + ~y, change the ~y to ~i and ~es to form singular verb.
cry - cries
study – studies
4. If the verb ends in a vowel + ~y, add ~s to the verb to form singular verb.
pay - pays
buy – buys
5. The verbs have, go and do are irregular verbs. To form the singular verbs, change the verbs have, go and do to these:
have – has
go – goes
do – does
Progressive forms
[Thể tiến hành]
formed by joining the “to be” auxiliary to the base tense of the verb + “ing”
1. present progressive [– tiếng hành hiện tại]
He is doing his homework.
2. past progressive [– tiếng hành quá khứ]
He was doing his homework.
3. future progressive [– tiếng hành tương lai]
He will be doing his homework.
Verb Voice
1. active voice [- dạng chủ động]
The subject of the verb is doing the action.
The boy broke the window.
(“Boy” is the subject of the verb “broke” and is the performer of the verb.)
2. passive voice [- dạng bị động]
Six tenses:
[Sấu thời của động từ]
1. present – [hiện tại]
Jennifer celebrates the new month.
2. present perfect – [hoàn thành hiện tại]
Jenny has celebrated all holidays.
3. past – [quá khứ]
Jenny celebrated the new year.
4. past perfect - [hoàn thành quá khứ]
Jenny celebrated the new year and had celebrated Christmas.
5. future – [tương lai]
Jenny will celebrate St. Patrick's Day.
6. future perfect - [hoàn thành tương lai]
Jenny will have celebrated Valentine's Day before she celebrates St. Patrick's Day.
Adjective – Tính Từ
Describes nouns and pronouns
Helen is reading a funny book.
(The adjective “funny” tells us what kind of book Bob is reading.)
Answers one of three questions: Which one? What kind? How many?
The tall building is 200 feet high.
The laughing boy is Johnny.
David eat three pineapples.
Usually precede the noun it modifies.
He wore a red shirt.
Adjectives can also come after the main “to be” verb.
She is intelligent.
Adjectives do not have plural forms so they never end in “s.”